Note the headings on the left for what can be controlled.

Fix out-of-date styling
Editing nightmares can occur in a translation workflow if your document styles are not up-to-date, and your content has instead been modified using local styling overrides. Overrides may get moved or deleted, causing the translated documents to have a different styling to the source document.

Base styles on Core Styles
Basing styles on other styles mean that you may only need to update one or two styles in order to have those changes take effect throughout the entire document. This ripple effect is very useful for making sweeping changes to a document.

Drop Caps
Manually-created drop caps do not work well in a translation workflow, where all characters must be translated together. Using the drop cap functionality in a paragraph style will automate this, ensuring that your design transfers correctly to other languages.

Nested Styles
Sometimes you must style the initial text of a paragraph in a certain way (e.g. the styling at the start of this paragraph). Automating this through the nested styles functionality ensures that the styling will be maintained throughout the translation process.

Next Style
Setting the Next Style option will automatically apply the selected style after a hard return. This is useful for maintaining the design integrity of any document that will be edited by non-designers.

GREP Styles
If your design requires specific words or phrases (e.g. URLs, trademark symbols, brand names, etc.) to be styled in a specific way, use a GREP style. This will automatically apply a character style to the matched text, ensuring that the pattern of text will be styled consistently across languages. Hexadecimal ranges can be used to automatically apply character styles to non-Latin character sets.

Organize Styles
Giving meaningful names to your styles, and grouping them together, assists downstream users who may need to copyfit and re-style translated text. Making things as easy as possible helps to ensure the consistency of your design throughout the process.